Introduction
The carotid arteries are 2 of 4 arteries that supply blood to the head and brain. Carotid artery disease is mainly caused by atherosclerosis that can either ulcerate and embolise (travel to the brain) or narrow the vessel interfering with blood supply to the brain.
Causes
- Build-up of plaque inside the carotid arteries.
Signs and Symptoms
- Transient Ischaemic Attack (Mini-Stroke, TIA). This can manifest as transient loss of vision in one eye, speech disturbance, altered sensation or strength in a limb.
- Stroke.
- Blood clots.
- Bruit.
Diagnosis
- Medical History.
- Physical exam.
- Carotid Ultrasound.
- Carotid Angiography.
- Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA).
- CT Angiography.
Treatment
- Lifestyle modification, exercise, diet, and medication.
- Carotid endarterectomy.
- Carotid stenting.
